Sitemap · 118 elements · 10 families
Periodic table sitemap: every chemical element and element family
Use this list of chemical elements to jump straight to any page on Periodic Table: the interactive periodic table chart, all 10 element families and every element from hydrogen (1) to oganesson (118), listed with its symbol and atomic number.
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Start with the periodic table of elements
- Interactive periodic table of elements Click any tile on the full periodic chart to see the element's atomic number, atomic mass, family and phase at room temperature, then rotate its 3D Bohr model.
- Periodic table FAQ Answers to common periodic table questions, from how many elements there are to what groups, periods and atomic numbers mean.
- Bohr model of every element The Bohr model of all 118 elements, grouped by family, with the electrons in each shell and a link to each 3D model.
Element families and every element in each group
The periodic table arranges its 118 elements into groups (columns) and periods (rows). Elements in the same family share a similar arrangement of valence electrons, so they react in similar ways. Each family below links to a page that compares its members' melting points, boiling points, density and electronegativity, followed by every element in that family in order of atomic number.
Alkali Metals (Group 1): 6 elements
Group 1 alkali metals, lithium to francium, have a single valence electron and the lowest ionisation energies in their periods, and they form strongly alkaline hydroxides in water.
Compare the properties of all 6 alkali metals →Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2): 6 elements
Group 2 alkaline earth metals, beryllium to radium, carry two valence electrons and form basic oxides; calcium and magnesium are essential minerals for bones and plants.
Compare the properties of all 6 alkaline earth metals →Transition Metals (Groups 3–12): 38 elements
The d-block transition metals in groups 3 to 12 include iron, copper, silver, gold and platinum: dense, high-melting conductors with variable oxidation states and brightly coloured compounds.
- 21Scandium (Sc)
- 22Titanium (Ti)
- 23Vanadium (V)
- 24Chromium (Cr)
- 25Manganese (Mn)
- 26Iron (Fe)
- 27Cobalt (Co)
- 28Nickel (Ni)
- 29Copper (Cu)
- 30Zinc (Zn)
- 39Yttrium (Y)
- 40Zirconium (Zr)
- 41Niobium (Nb)
- 42Molybdenum (Mo)
- 43Technetium (Tc)
- 44Ruthenium (Ru)
- 45Rhodium (Rh)
- 46Palladium (Pd)
- 47Silver (Ag)
- 48Cadmium (Cd)
- 72Hafnium (Hf)
- 73Tantalum (Ta)
- 74Tungsten (W)
- 75Rhenium (Re)
- 76Osmium (Os)
- 77Iridium (Ir)
- 78Platinum (Pt)
- 79Gold (Au)
- 80Mercury (Hg)
- 104Rutherfordium (Rf)
- 105Dubnium (Db)
- 106Seaborgium (Sg)
- 107Bohrium (Bh)
- 108Hassium (Hs)
- 109Meitnerium (Mt)
- 110Darmstadtium (Ds)
- 111Roentgenium (Rg)
- 112Copernicium (Cn)
Post-Transition Metals (Groups 13–16): 12 elements
Post-transition metals such as aluminium, gallium, tin, lead and bismuth are softer and melt at lower temperatures than the transition metals, with properties edging toward the metalloids.
- 13Aluminium (Al)
- 31Gallium (Ga)
- 49Indium (In)
- 50Tin (Sn)
- 81Thallium (Tl)
- 82Lead (Pb)
- 83Bismuth (Bi)
- 84Polonium (Po)
- 113Nihonium (Nh)
- 114Flerovium (Fl)
- 115Moscovium (Mc)
- 116Livermorium (Lv)
Metalloids (Staircase): 6 elements
Metalloids, boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony and tellurium, sit on the staircase line between metals and nonmetals and behave as semiconductors.
Compare the properties of all 6 metalloids →Reactive Nonmetals (Groups 14–16): 7 elements
Reactive nonmetals, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and selenium, form covalent bonds and make up most of the mass of living things.
Compare the properties of all 7 reactive nonmetals →Halogens (Group 17): 6 elements
Group 17 halogens, fluorine to tennessine, have seven valence electrons and react with metals to form salts such as sodium chloride.
Compare the properties of all 6 halogens →Noble Gases (Group 18): 7 elements
Group 18 noble gases have full outer electron shells, which keeps helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon chemically inert and lets them glow in discharge lamps.
Compare the properties of all 7 noble gases →Lanthanides (Period 6, f-block): 15 elements
The lanthanide series, lanthanum to lutetium, fills the 4f subshell; these rare earth elements go into strong magnets, phosphors, lasers and catalysts.
- 57Lanthanum (La)
- 58Cerium (Ce)
- 59Praseodymium (Pr)
- 60Neodymium (Nd)
- 61Promethium (Pm)
- 62Samarium (Sm)
- 63Europium (Eu)
- 64Gadolinium (Gd)
- 65Terbium (Tb)
- 66Dysprosium (Dy)
- 67Holmium (Ho)
- 68Erbium (Er)
- 69Thulium (Tm)
- 70Ytterbium (Yb)
- 71Lutetium (Lu)
Actinides (Period 7, f-block): 15 elements
The actinide series, actinium to lawrencium, fills the 5f subshell; every actinide is radioactive, and uranium and plutonium fuel nuclear reactors.
- 89Actinium (Ac)
- 90Thorium (Th)
- 91Protactinium (Pa)
- 92Uranium (U)
- 93Neptunium (Np)
- 94Plutonium (Pu)
- 95Americium (Am)
- 96Curium (Cm)
- 97Berkelium (Bk)
- 98Californium (Cf)
- 99Einsteinium (Es)
- 100Fermium (Fm)
- 101Mendelevium (Md)
- 102Nobelium (No)
- 103Lawrencium (Lr)
Periodic table questions and answers
Short answers to common periodic table questions, grouped by topic. Each question has its own page. Periodic table questions and answers →
Periodic table basics
Rows, columns and layout
- What is a period in the periodic table?
- What is a group on the periodic table?
- How many groups are in the periodic table?
- How many periods are in the periodic table?
- How is the periodic table organized?
- What is a family on the periodic table?
- How to read the periodic table?
- What do the numbers mean on the periodic table?
Atoms, numbers and electrons
Properties and trends
- Where are metals located on the periodic table?
- Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?
- Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?
- How many metals are on the periodic table?
- What is the most unreactive group on the periodic table?
- What is the most dangerous element on the periodic table?
History, names and symbols
Study tips and curiosities
Bohr model of every element
The Bohr model of all 118 elements in one place, grouped by element family. Bohr model →
Alkali metals Bohr models
Alkaline earth metals Bohr models
Transition metals Bohr models
- Scandium Bohr model
- Titanium Bohr model
- Vanadium Bohr model
- Chromium Bohr model
- Manganese Bohr model
- Iron Bohr model
- Cobalt Bohr model
- Nickel Bohr model
- Copper Bohr model
- Zinc Bohr model
- Yttrium Bohr model
- Zirconium Bohr model
- Niobium Bohr model
- Molybdenum Bohr model
- Technetium Bohr model
- Ruthenium Bohr model
- Rhodium Bohr model
- Palladium Bohr model
- Silver Bohr model
- Cadmium Bohr model
- Hafnium Bohr model
- Tantalum Bohr model
- Tungsten Bohr model
- Rhenium Bohr model
- Osmium Bohr model
- Iridium Bohr model
- Platinum Bohr model
- Gold Bohr model
- Mercury Bohr model
- Rutherfordium Bohr model
- Dubnium Bohr model
- Seaborgium Bohr model
- Bohrium Bohr model
- Hassium Bohr model
- Meitnerium Bohr model
- Darmstadtium Bohr model
- Roentgenium Bohr model
- Copernicium Bohr model
Post-transition metals Bohr models
Metalloids Bohr models
Reactive nonmetals Bohr models
Halogens Bohr models
Noble gases Bohr models
Lanthanides Bohr models
- Lanthanum Bohr model
- Cerium Bohr model
- Praseodymium Bohr model
- Neodymium Bohr model
- Promethium Bohr model
- Samarium Bohr model
- Europium Bohr model
- Gadolinium Bohr model
- Terbium Bohr model
- Dysprosium Bohr model
- Holmium Bohr model
- Erbium Bohr model
- Thulium Bohr model
- Ytterbium Bohr model
- Lutetium Bohr model
Actinides Bohr models
- Actinium Bohr model
- Thorium Bohr model
- Protactinium Bohr model
- Uranium Bohr model
- Neptunium Bohr model
- Plutonium Bohr model
- Americium Bohr model
- Curium Bohr model
- Berkelium Bohr model
- Californium Bohr model
- Einsteinium Bohr model
- Fermium Bohr model
- Mendelevium Bohr model
- Nobelium Bohr model
- Lawrencium Bohr model
Free printable periodic table PDFs
Every periodic table PDF, grouped by collection. Each link opens the PDF itself; the hub shows previews and filters. Periodic table PDF →
Color periodic table PDFs
- Periodic Table PDF with atomic number and symbol (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with element names (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with atomic mass (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with electron configuration (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with electronegativity (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with oxidation states and charges (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with names, atomic mass and electron configuration (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with Groups and Periods Numbered
- Periodic Table PDF with Atomic Properties and Thermal Data (color)
Black and white periodic table PDFs
- Periodic Table PDF with atomic number and symbol (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with element names (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with atomic mass (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with electron configuration (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with electronegativity (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with oxidation states and charges (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with names, atomic mass and electron configuration (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with Atomic Properties and Thermal Data (black and white)
Blank periodic table PDFs
Long form periodic table PDFs
Exam-style and rounded atomic mass periodic table PDFs
- Periodic Table PDF with Whole-Number Atomic Mass (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with Whole-Number Atomic Mass (black and white)
- Exam-Style Periodic Table PDF with Whole-Number Atomic Mass (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with Atomic Mass to 1 Decimal Place (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with Atomic Mass to 1 Decimal Place (black and white)
- Exam-Style Periodic Table PDF with Atomic Mass to 1 Decimal Place (black and white)
Periodic table PDFs with keys, group labels and shells
- Periodic Table PDF with Key to Reading a Tile (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with Group Labels IA to VIIIA (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with Electrons per Shell (color)
- Periodic Table PDF with Key to Reading a Tile (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with Group Labels IA to VIIIA (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with Electrons per Shell (black and white)
- Periodic Table PDF with State of Matter Symbols
Portrait periodic table PDFs
Periodic table poster PDFs (A3)
Periodic table PDFs by state, type, block and discovery
Periodic table heat map PDFs
- Periodic Table PDF: Density Heat Map
- Periodic Table PDF: Melting Point Heat Map
- Periodic Table PDF: Boiling Point Heat Map
- Periodic Table PDF: Electronegativity Heat Map
- Periodic Table PDF: Atomic Radius Heat Map
- Periodic Table PDF: First Ionization Energy Heat Map
- Periodic Table PDF: Electron Affinity Heat Map
- Periodic Table PDF: Thermal Conductivity Heat Map
- Periodic Table PDF: Abundance in the Earth's Crust Heat Map