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Element 103 · Lawrencium (Lr)

Lawrencium Bohr model: diagram and electrons per shell

The lawrencium Bohr model shows a lawrencium atom (Lr) as a small nucleus with its electrons circling it in 7 shells: 2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q. This page has a rotating 3D lawrencium Bohr model, a flat diagram, a table of the electrons in each shell and the steps to draw it yourself.

Rotate the lawrencium Bohr model in 3D

Drag to orbit, scroll to zoom.

This is a Bohr model of lawrencium (Lr), a simplified picture of a single lawrencium atom. Its nucleus holds 103 protons, and a neutral lawrencium atom has 103 electrons, arranged around it in 7 shells (2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q).

Lr K · 21s2 L · 82s2 2p6 M · 183s2 3p6 3d10 N · 324s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 O · 325s2 5p6 5d10 5f14 P · 86s2 6p6 Q · 37s2 7p1

Lawrencium Bohr model diagram

Bohr model diagram of lawrencium: a nucleus of 103 protons with 103 electrons on 7 shells, 2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q, each ring labelled with its shell letter.
The lawrencium Bohr model drawn flat: each ring is a shell, labelled with its letter, and every dot is an electron (2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q).

Lawrencium electrons per shell

A neutral lawrencium atom has 103 electrons, one for each of its 103 protons. They fill the shells from the nucleus outwards: 2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q.

Electrons in each shell of the lawrencium Bohr model
ShellShell number (n)ElectronsMost it can hold (2n²)Subshells
K1221s2
L2882s2 2p6
M318183s2 3p6 3d10
N432324s2 4p6 4d10 4f14
O532505s2 5p6 5d10 5f14
P68726s2 6p6
Q73987s2 7p1

How the lawrencium Bohr model builds up, shell by shell

Watch the lawrencium Bohr model come together: the nucleus first, then each shell in turn, from the innermost outwards, with its electrons joining the ring. The legend names every shell and counts its electrons, so you can read off the arrangement (2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q) as it forms.

Animation of the lawrencium Bohr model being built: a nucleus of 103 protons appears first, then each shell grows in around it and takes its electrons, giving 103 electrons on 7 shells (2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q).
The lawrencium Bohr model built up in six seconds: the nucleus first, then each shell with its electrons, ending with 2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q. Protons are red, neutrons yellow and electrons blue.

How to draw the lawrencium Bohr model

  1. Find the atomic number. Lawrencium has atomic number 103, so a neutral atom has 103 protons and 103 electrons.
  2. Draw the nucleus. Put a circle in the centre and write Lr in it. The 103 protons sit there with the neutrons.
  3. Draw the shells. Sketch 7 shells as rings around the nucleus. A shell holds at most 2n² electrons: 2 in the first, 8 in the second, 18 in the third and 32 in the fourth.
  4. Place the electrons. Fill from the inside out: 2 in shell K, 8 in shell L, 18 in shell M, 32 in shell N, 32 in shell O, 8 in shell P and 3 in shell Q.
  5. Check the total. 2 + 8 + 18 + 32 + 32 + 8 + 3 = 103, the atomic number, so every electron is accounted for.

Atomic data for the lawrencium Bohr model

The numbers behind the lawrencium Bohr model, grouped by topic. Radii are in picometres (pm) and energies in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol).

Identity

Symbol
Lr
Atomic number
103
Atomic mass
[266] u
Family
Actinides
Position
period 7 of the f-block
Block
d-block

Electron configuration

Full
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 7p1
Shorthand
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 3
Outer-shell electrons
3 in shell Q

Ionisation energies

I₁
470

Energy to remove each electron in turn (kJ/mol). A sharp jump means the next electron comes from an inner shell.

Electronegativity and electron affinity

Electronegativity (Pauling)
1.3
Electron affinity (kJ/mol)
-30.04

Oxidation states

+3

Charges the element commonly takes in compounds.

Physical properties, abundance and history of lawrencium

Bulk properties of lawrencium, how common it is, who discovered it and some of its compounds.

Physical properties

Phase at room conditions
Solid
Melting point
1626.85°C (1900 K)

Discovery

Discovered by
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Year
1961

Common compounds

  • Lawrencium Lr
  • Tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyloctane-3,5-dione);lawrencium C30H33F21LrO6
  • Tetrakis(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dione);lawrencium;tetramethylazanium C24H16F24LrNO8-3
  • dimethyl (2R)-1-[(1S)-4-methyl-1-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pentyl]-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate;lawrencium C29H33F6LrNO4
  • 2,2-Difluoro-6-methylcyclohepta[d][1,3]dioxole;lawrencium C9H6F2LrO2
  • 1-[1-[4-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)phenyl]-6-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridin-5-yl]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea;lawrencium C26H20F3LrN3O4
  • CID 153330679 C18H18F3LrN6-
  • CID 153331486 C19H20F3LrN5O-2

Compounds listed in the PubChem database.

Main isotopes of lawrencium

Isotopes of lawrencium share the same 103 protons but differ in neutrons. Natural isotopes come first, then the longest-lived others.

Main isotopes of lawrencium: mass number, abundance, half-life and decay
Mass numberNatural abundanceHalf-lifeDecay
254–12 sα, β⁺, SF
255–31.1 sα, β⁺, SF
256–27.9 sα, β⁺, SF
260–3 minα, β⁺
261–39 minSF, α
266–22 hSF

α = alpha decay, β⁻ = beta-minus, β⁺ = beta-plus, EC = electron capture, SF = spontaneous fission, p / n = proton / neutron emission.

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